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T. T. MORRELL. Grinding and Tritura-ting Apparatus.

No. 234,052. Patented Nov. 2.1880.

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l a/i 7W gW N.FETEn:, PNDTO-LITHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. D 0v UNITED STATESPATENT QEEICE.

THOMAS T. MORRELL, OF J OHNSTOWN PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO HIM- SELF ANDGAMBRIA IRON COMPANY.

GRINDING AND TRITURATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 234,052, dated November2, 1880.

I Application filed August 18, 1879.

To all whom ct may concern Be it known that I, THOMAS T. MORRELL, ofJohnstown, in the county of Gambria and State of Pennsylvania, haveinvented certain Improvements in Grinding-Machines, of which thefollowing is a specification.

My invention relates to grinding-machines adapted to the grinding ofores, minerals, clays, paints, and like materials; and its principal 1oobject is to supply simple and inexpensive apparatus which may beoperated by hydraulic or other power for the grinding of materials usedin shops and laboratories more perfectly than it can be done by theexhaustin g hand- [5 labor generally employed for the purpose. It willbe found especially useful to chemists for the reduction to powder ofores and minerals to be analyzed. For their use a machine of smalldimensions and but little cost will be found to be very efi'ective.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of myimproved grindingmachine. Fig. 2 is a partial horizontal section throughdotted line so a", Fig. 1, showing 2 5 the arrangement of the mortar,pestle, scraper, and bolt for attaching and running the mortar. In thedrawings the same parts are designated by the same letters.

The frame of the machine consists of the bed-plate A, the uprights orhousings B O, and the cross-pieces D E F, which sustain and carry theoperating parts. G is ahead having a socket keyed upon and revolvingwith the upright shaft H, which shaft has a bearing in 35 thecross-piece D, and is supported by and turns in the bed-plate A. J is amortar fitting into the top of the socketed head G, and this mortar isconstructed preferably octagonal on the outside, which is also the shapeof the socket. The head G is constructed of two disks, an upper, a, andlower, I), screwed together horizontally, the upper disk, a, holding themortar and having its segment 0, equal to three of the octagonal sidesof the mortar, removable as a means of taking out and replacing themortar when desired. This segment a, when the mortar is in position foruse, is fastened to the lower disk of the socket by the bolt or screw d.50 K is a pestle, bolted to thelower end of the inclined shaft L bymeans of a face-plate, and it is eccentric to this shaft, the purpose ofits eccentricity being to cause it to describe a circle when revolved bythe shaft L. The shaft L is deflected from the perpendicular to give 5the pestle a direct bearing on its pointin traveling from the center tothe side of the mortar J. This shaft passes through bearings in thecross-pieces E F, and its end, after passing through cross-piece F, istaken by the spring c on the top of the cross-piece F, which springgives to the pestle such pressure upon the materials in the mortar as isrequired, while allowing such vertical motion to the pestle as willaccommodate it to the size of the pieces of material to be ground.

The motion of the pestle in passing from the center to the side of themortar may be varied by making its attachment to its shaft more or lesseccentric, this motion of the pestle from the center to the side of themortar, or from near the center in the direction of its circumference,being especially effective as one of the principal objects which mydevices areintended to accomplish.

M is the driving-pulley, which is hung on the main shaft L, moving thepestle, and from which shaft motion is communicated to the operatingparts by means of the pulley N on main shaft and pulleys O and P on thevertical shaft It and pulley S on mortar-shaft H, by which arrangementof shafts and pulleys the mortar-shaft is driven; and the mortar can bemade to revolve in the same direction as the pestle or in a directioncontrary to it. Most generally it will be desirable to drive the mortarand pestle in the same direction, but in grinding oily and dampsubstances and similar materials it is best to drive them in oppositedirections.

T is a scraper, attached to the upright B nearest to the mortar in sucha way as to extend into and clean the inner edges of the mortar and drawthe material in the mortar into a position to be caught by the pestle.This 5 scraper may be a thin blade of iron, steel, or other material,attached to a handle which is fastened to the upright B by athumb-screw, as shown at W, or by any similar device.

To operate the machine bands, belts, or cords 10o adapted to traversethe said mortar between its center and sides, as and for the purpose setforth.

2. Thecombination of inclined shaft L, pestle 15 K, mountedeccentrically thereon, spring 0, mortar J and shafts R H, as and for thepurpose set forth.

THOMAS T. MORRELL.

\Vitnesses UYRUs ELDER, HARRY S. PEELOR.

